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Lee & Ko has been advising on production-related contracts and intellectual property clearance—covering copyright law, the Unfair Competition Prevention Act, and publicity rights—for Netflix series since 2022, contributing to the smooth production and distribution of major works. Representative projects include Squid Game Seasons 2 and 3, Culinary Class Wars, The Trauma Code: Heroes on Call, Karma, and Gyeongseong Creature Seasons 1 and 2.

Lee & Ko reviews a wide range of agreements essential to the production process, including talent and crew contracts, post-production agreements such as VFX, location leases, copyright use consents, and overseas PSAs for foreign shoots. Drawing on extensive experience, Lee & Ko provides practical, production-focused legal advice tailored to the needs of clients.

Lee & Ko’s clearance reviews primarily address issues in copyright, trademark, patent, and unfair competition law, as well as matters involving real names or depictions of real-life events. Depending on the content, Lee & Ko also advises on specialized issues, such as the use of Olympic symbols, youth protection in drama scenes and filming, and personal data consent. This breadth of expertise ensures that producers receive effective, comprehensive guidance across the many legal challenges of content creation.

Lee & Ko further supports clients on Errors & Omissions (E&O) insurance matters, including preparing title reports and conducting IP clearance, to help mitigate the risk of future copyright and personality rights claims. Representative work in this field includes MBC dramas Chief Detective 1958, Doubt, and Oh My Ghost Clients; SBS dramas Revenant, The First Responders, Payback: Money and Power and JTBC’s Reborn Rich.

Through these production-related legal services, Lee & Ko helps Netflix and leading production companies to actively identify and resolve legal issues in advance, safeguard against disputes, and ensure the seamless development and release of content. Lee & Ko continues to play a trusted role across numerous high-profile productions, earning consistent recognition and positive feedback from both Netflix and its production partners.

 

Lee & Ko’s Finance & Securities Group successfully completed projects for major financial companies across all financial sectors during the first half of 2025. These clients included BNK Financial Group, Suhyup Bank, DB Life Insurance, MetLife Insurance, DB Insurance, Lotte Insurance, Korean Reinsurance, Seoul Guarantee Insurance, Hyundai Card, Hyundai Commercial, Kyobo AXA Investment Managers, Daishin Securities, and Hyundai Capital, spanning banks, securities firms, card companies, capital firms, and savings banks. The projects involved preparing and submitting the newly introduced "Accountability Map" to the financial supervisory authorities in accordance with the amended Act on the Corporate Governance of Financial Companies, as well as refining the internal control systems of the respective financial institutions.

The introduction of the Accountability Map requires each financial company to prepare and submit a document to the financial authorities that specifically outlines the responsibilities of the CEO and executives related to internal controls. The implementation of this system necessitated systematic and detailed preparation by each financial company, integrating both legal and practical perspectives.

In response, Lee & Ko’s Finance & Securities Group went beyond simple legal advisory in these projects, playing a pivotal role in ensuring the effective operation of each financial company's internal control system as follows:
 

• Designing an Effective Accountability Allocation Structure: We designed a customized Accountability Map without gaps or redundancies by meticulously analyzing each company's work procedures and lines of command and supervision.


• Refining Overall Internal Regulations related to Internal Control: Through a detailed analysis of approximately 80 major laws and regulations related to internal control, we reviewed and amended key internal regulations, including the internal control standards.


• Providing a Comprehensive Diagnosis and Improvement Plan for the Internal Control System: We contributed to establishing a practically operable internal control system by comprehensively diagnosing potential risk factors in the existing system and proposing improvement measures.

Through the successful execution of these projects related to the introduction of the Accountability Map, our Finance & Securities Group has solidified its position as the most trusted legal advisor in the field of financial regulation by enabling our clients to build stable internal control systems amidst a rapidly changing financial regulatory environment.

Lee & Ko acted as Korean legal counsel to the joint lead managers in connection with Hanwha Life Insurance’s successful issuance of USD 1 billion hybrid capital securities in the international markets on June 24, 2025.

Despite heightened uncertainty in global financial markets due to the ongoing conflict in the Middle East, the offering was met with strong investor demand, attracting orders in excess of USD 8.8 billion—more than eight times the issuance amount—underscoring the deal’s success.

The securities were structured as 30-year notes callable after 5 years and were priced at an annual coupon of 6.3%. The transaction enabled Hanwha Life to strengthen its capital adequacy position under the Korean Insurance Capital Standard (K-ICS).

Lee & Ko provided a full range of legal support throughout the transaction, including review of the underwriting agreement, bond terms, and offering circular to ensure compliance with K-ICS requirements. Notably, following the circulation of the offering circular but just ahead of pricing, a revision to the Korean Insurance Supervisory Regulation lowered the recommended K-ICS threshold applicable to early redemption of subordinated bonds. Lee & Ko promptly coordinated with the underwriters and international counsel to issue a supplemental investor disclosure, ensuring the delivery of accurate information to investors and facilitating a successful issuance.

In addition to this transaction, Lee & Ko has advised on a number of major offshore bond offerings in the first half of 2025 by leading Korean issuers such as LG Chem, Korea National Oil Corporation, Korea Ocean Business Corporation, KB Kookmin Bank, KT&G, LG Energy Solution, Mirae Asset Securities, Industrial Bank of Korea, Hana Securities, and Hyundai Capital—further demonstrating its deep expertise and leading role in Korea’s capital markets practice.
 

On November 19, 2021, Company C, a manufacturer of equipment for secondary batteries, filed a lawsuit against Wonik PNE Co., Ltd. (the “Company”), which operates in the same industry. The counterparty alleged that the Company was infringing its patent for a “secondary battery pouch folding device” (the “Subject Patent”) and sought both an injunction and KRW 3 billion in damages.

Representing the Company, Lee & Ko argued that the true inventor of the Subject Patent is employee A, and that the Subject Patent amounts to an employee invention that rightfully belongs to the Company. On this basis, Lee & Ko argued that the counterparty’s claim of patent infringement constituted an abuse of patent rights, since the Company was the legitimate patentee. The facts showed that employee A completed the invention while still employed by the Company, but did not disclose it to the Company. Instead, A provided the design drawings to another employee, B. After leaving the Company, B filed for and registered the Subject Patent in his own name, and later transferred it to the counterparty, a company he had established. Lee & Ko persuasively argued that, under these circumstances, the counterparty’s assertion of patent infringement was an abuse of rights. As a result, the Company secured a complete victory at the first instance on October 11, 2024.

Although Company C filed an appeal, Lee & Ko, acting on behalf of the Company, initiated a claim against C seeking the transfer of the Subject Patent registration. The courts recognized that the application for the Subject Patent qualified as an “application filed by an unentitled person” and ruled in favor of the Company. The Company secured a complete victory at both the first instance and on appeal before the IP High Court. On June 5, 2025, the Supreme Court dismissed C’s appeal, thereby rendering the final the judgment. Following this decision, C withdrew its own appeal, making the case fully resolved.

Lee & Ko’s IP Practice Group conducted a detailed analysis of the technical features of the Subject Patent, the Company’s technical data, as well as related email communications and messenger records. Based on this review, the team successfully proved that the Subject Patent was not B’s personal invention, but rather an employee invention by A, thereby securing a judgment ordering the transfer of the patent rights. Consequently, C’s claims for an injunction and damages for patent infringement were also dismissed. This case highlights Lee & Ko IP’s outstanding litigation capability, demonstrating how thorough technical examination and rigorous legal analysis can lead to a complete victory for the client.
 

Lee & Ko represented CJ ENM and TVING in the Korea Fair Trade Commission’s (“KFTC”) merger review of a transaction which CJ ENM sought to acquire control of Wavve by having its executives hold concurrent positions at Wavve, based on the premise of a future TVING-Wavve merger. Lee & Ko successfully secured conditional approval with corrective measures that minimize the impact on the business operations of the companies.

In this case, the companies had a high market share in the subscription-based OTT market which is focused on pre-produced content. The KFTC, in line with its precedents in the OTT and media sectors, conservatively defined the relevant market in a manner disadvantageous to the companies. However, Lee & Ko utilized its deep understanding of the media sector and extensive experience in merger cases to persuasively present arguments addressing the KFTC’s concerns regarding the potential anticompetitive effects of the transaction. This resulted in the KFTC concluding that the transaction posed no concerns regarding (i) vertical overlap in the content supply and OTT markets and (ii) conglomerate effects between the OTT market and mobile telecommunications retail market.

Lee & Ko proactively utilized the voluntary commitment procedure, which was recently introduced in 2024, to propose behavioral remedies that addressed the KFTC’s concerns regarding potential anticompetitive effects and minimize business disruptions to the companies. In close coordination with the KFTC, Lee & Ko effectively demonstrated the effectiveness of the remedies and timely secured the KFTC’s approval of the transaction. According to the KFTC, this case is particularly meaningful as it is the first instance where behavioral remedies were imposed utilizing the newly implemented voluntary commitment procedure.
 

The Labor & Employment Group of Lee & Ko successfully represented G-Institute in the High Court proceedings of a case in which an employee subject to a wage peak system challenged the validity of the system and claimed the difference in wages. The High Court overturned the lower court’s decision, which had deemed the wage peak system unlawful, and rendered a judgment upholding its legality.

Specifically, Lee & Ko’s Labor & Employment Group conducted a thorough review and analysis of the background leading to the introduction of the wage peak system, official correspondences exchanged between G-Institute and the labor union, and emails related to the union’s protest activities. Based on this analysis, Lee & Ko effectively argued and established the following:
(1) Despite G-Institute’s good-faith efforts to engage in negotiations for the introduction of the wage peak system, the labor union sent only blanket opposition letters without presenting any specific opinions or countermeasures, which constituted an abuse of its prior consent right under the collective bargaining agreement.
(2) G-Institute provided sufficient explanation through informational sessions and distributed explanatory materials that were easily understandable by employees, and did not unduly interfere in the process of obtaining employees’ consent; and
(3) The wage peak system in question was introduced in connection with an extension of the mandatory retirement age. Although some employees maintained their original retirement age, the degree of disadvantage imposed overall could not be deemed excessive.

This case is a key example that demonstrates Lee & Ko’s capabilities, particularly in successfully responding to allegations involving the abuse of a labor union’s prior consent rights under a collective bargaining agreement. It also serves as valuable guidance in practice for employers who face unilateral opposition from labor unions when attempting to implement new systems or who must navigate adverse changes to work rules through collective decision-making processes in the absence of a majority union.

Lee & Ko have successfully advised NH Investment & Securities Co., Ltd. and the syndicate of lenders in respect of a KRW 500,000,000,000 bridge financing and a KRW 325,000,000,000 acquisition financing in connection with the acquisition of a controlling stake in the share capital of Jeisys Medical Inc. (“Target”) by Archimed (a private equity firm based in France) acting through its special purpose vehicle Syracuse SubCo.

The acquisition of the Target involved a sale and purchase transaction in respect of existing shares in the Target with the largest shareholder as well as a tender offer for shares in the Target. In particular, a complex transaction structure was contemplated whereby an overseas private equity firm is to establish a number of special purpose vehicles at different layers; utilize the Korean special purpose vehicle to undertake the acquisition; and, following the acquisition, consummate a de-listing of the Target and a merger of the special purpose vehicles with the Target. This in turn called for robust and tailored legal analyses in order to bolster lender protections as well as seamless communications with the obligor group all of which Lee & Ko delivered.

Lee & Ko provided all-encompassing legal advice and legal assistance from the initial transaction structuring stage to completion including, without limitation, preparation of finance documents, negotiation of material terms with the borrower and review of closing documentation. Furthermore, Lee & Ko delivered thorough and efficient legal advice on issues arising out of a corporate acquisition effected by way of a tender offer. Based on its depth of expertise and experience, Lee & Ko facilitated a successful closing by assisting with selection of an optimal structure and by bridging gaps between principals in the face of risks and challenges posed by a multi-layer holding structure and changes in circumstances before and after the tender offer.
 

On April 30, 2025, JKL Credit Investment (“JKL”) entered into a subscription agreement to acquire newly issued shares in Pluglink, a company engaged in the electric vehicle charging business. The investment, valued at approximately KRW 45 billion, was made through an SPC established by a private equity fund managed by JKL. Upon completion of the subscription, JKL acquired approximately 39.25% of Pluglink’s shares on a fully diluted basis, thereby becoming its largest shareholder. The transaction successfully closed on May 28, 2025.

This transaction represents the largest-ever investment in a domestic electric vehicle charging operator. Pluglink used part of the proceeds to acquire the electric vehicle charging business of Hanwha Solutions.

Lee & Ko acted as legal counsel to JKL, providing end-to-end legal support for the transaction, including legal due diligence on Pluglink, advice on the subscription agreement, and merger control filing. Notably, Lee & Ko played a key role in facilitating the successful signing and closing by efficiently restructuring Pluglink’s complex network of existing investor relationships.
 

Lee & Ko successfully secured the IP High Court’s first-ever judgment holding that posting and selling products falling within the scope of a Korean patent on an overseas e-commerce platform constitutes an “offer for assignment” and therefore amounts to patent infringement in Korea.

The Chinese company Y advertised and listed for sale products covered by a Korean patent owned by Italian sock knitting machine manufacturer Lonati on the Chinese platform Alibaba and on its own website. In doing so, Y provided product information in Korean, displayed prices in Korean won, indicated domestic delivery options, and even offered consultation services — thereby clearly targeting Korean consumers. As a result, Lonati filed a patent infringement lawsuit against Y, seeking an injunction.

The court of first instance emphasized the principle of territoriality and ruled that the posting activity occurred overseas where Alibaba’s servers were located, thereby denying the injunction. In response, Lee & Ko highlighted the need to ensure effective patent protection in the era of global online commerce. Lee & Ko argued convincingly that, consistent with the global trend of relaxing strict territoriality to ensure substantive patent protection, Y’s acts of providing Korean-language product information, displaying prices in Korean won, and specifying domestic delivery options constituted a clear inducement of sales targeting Korean consumers.

The IP High Court accepted these arguments, holding that, irrespective of the server’s physical location, Y’s postings constituted an “offer for assignment” directly targeting Korean consumers. On that basis, it recognized patent infringement and granted the injunction.

This judgment marks the first case in which the Korean courts have acknowledged that, even if a foreign company posts infringing products on an overseas e-commerce platform, such conduct may qualify as an “offer for assignment” under Korean patent law if it is deemed to substantially induce sales to Korean consumers, thereby amounting to patent infringement. By analyzing the substantive nature of cross-border transactions on online platforms and drawing upon foreign case law trends, Lee & Ko has successfully introduced a new interpretative standard for protecting intellectual property rights in connection with postings on overseas platforms, thereby broadening the scope of substantive patent protection in Korea.